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Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.

#FRANZ ELEMENTARY HOW TO#

COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.In 2000, she was made an honorary deputy marshal in a ceremony in Washington, DC. Ī lifelong activist for racial equality, in 1999, Ruby established The Ruby Bridges Foundation to promote tolerance and create change through education. Ruby later wrote about her early experiences in two books and received the Carter G. She was reunited with her first teacher, Henry, in the mid 1990s, and for a time the pair did speaking engagements together. Ruby graduated from a desegregated high school, became a travel agent, married and had four sons. In 1964, artist Norman Rockwell celebrated her courage with a painting of that first day entitled, “The Problem We All Live With.” Over time, other African American students enrolled many years later, Ruby’s four nieces would also attend. Her share-cropping grandparents were evicted from the farm where they had lived for a quarter-century. The Bridges family suffered for their courage: Abon lost his job, and grocery stores refused to sell to Lucille. While some families supported her bravery- and some northerners sent money to aid her family- others protested throughout the city. Ruby ate lunch alone and sometimes played with her teacher at recess, but she never missed a day of school that year. Barbara Henry, a white Boston native, was the only teacher willing to accept Ruby, and all year, she was a class of one. Ardent segregationists withdrew their children permanently. She spent her first day in the principal’s office due to the chaos created as angry white parents pulled their children from school. Undeterred, she later said she only became frightened when she saw a woman holding a black baby doll in a coffin. She walked past crowds screaming vicious slurs at her. Ruby and her mother were escorted by four federal marshals to the school every day that year. Two of the other students decided not to leave their school at all the other three were sent to the all-white McDonough Elementary School. Meanwhile, the school district dragged its feet, delaying her admittance until November 14. Her father resisted, fearing for his daughter’s safety her mother, however, wanted Ruby to have the educational opportunities that her parents had been denied. Her parents were torn about whether to let her attend the all-white William Frantz Elementary School, a few blocks from their home. Ruby and five other students passed the exam. The school district created entrance exams for African American students to see whether they could compete academically at the all-white school. A year later, however, a federal court ordered Louisiana to desegregate. Nonetheless, southern states continued to resist integration, and in 1959, Ruby attended a segregated New Orleans kindergarten. the Board of Education of Topeka Kansas, which ended racial segregation in public schools. Ruby’s birth year coincided with the US Supreme Court’s landmark ruling in Brown v. When Ruby was two years old, her parents moved their family to New Orleans, Louisiana in search of better work opportunities. At the tender age of six, Ruby Bridges advanced the cause of civil rights in November 1960 when she became the first African American student to integrate an elementary school in the South.īorn on September 8, 1954, Bridges was the oldest of five children for Lucille and Abon Bridges, farmers in Tylertown, Mississippi.

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